IC Engine Seminar Topic

IC Engine Seminar Topic

Abstract


In this seminar the undesirable emissions generated in the combustion process of automobile and other IC engines is explored. These emissions pollute the environment and contribute to global warming, acid rain, smog, odors and respiratory and other health problems. The emissions of concern are unburned hydro carbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (Nox), sulphur and solid carbon particulate. Ideally, engines and fuels could be developed so that very few harmful emissions are generated and these could be exhausted to the surroundings without major impact on the environment. With present technology after treatment of exhaust gases to reduce emissions is very important. This mainly consists of the use of thermal and catalytic converters and particulate traps.
In Los Angeles smoke and other pollutant from many factories and automobiles combined with fog that was common in this area and "smog" resulted. During 1950's, the smog problem increased along with increase in number of automobiles. It was recognized that the automobile was one of the major contributor to the smog problem. (smoke + fog) After 1960s emission standards were enforced in California and rest of the united states, in Europe and Japan. By making engines more fuel efficient and with the use of exhaust after treatment emissions like HC, CO and Nox during 1980s.However during this time the number of automobiles greatly increased, resulting more use of fuel and production of more pollutants. Additional reduction will be difficult and costly. As the world population grows, emission, standards become more stringent out of necessity.