VIBRATION

VIBRATION

ABSTRACT

In most engineering situations, vibration signifying to and fro motion is undesirable. The ill – effects of the vibrations in a machine or a structure are well known. For example, the accuracy of both the accuracy of both the vibrations present in the various parts of a machine tool. Further, an excessive resonant vibration of a system may even lead to its complete failure. The most spectacular instance of this kind is the failure of the Tacoma Narrows Suspension Bridge, Washington, in 1940. The vibrations, in order to be damaging, need not always be resonant and severe. Often, apparently harmless vibrations, if allowed to continue over a long period, may eventually cause a sudden fatigue failure of a system. Such drastic failure have been observed in all kinds of systems, small and large, ranging from a valve spring and the crankshaft of an automobile to an elevator of an aeroplane or even to rather large drawbridge. The vibrations lasting is also damaging for a sensitive instrument and a earthquake. Vibration is also damaging for sensitive instrument and a delicate apparatus since it causes errors in the readings, excessive wear and malfunctioning.