Very Large Scale Integration

Very Large Scale Integration

Abstract:

The concept of Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) into integrated circuits on a single chip first occurred in the 1980s as part of the semiconductor and communication technologies that were being developed. The first semiconductor chips held one transistor each. Subsequent advances added more and more transistors, and as a consequence more individual functions or systems were integrated over time. The microprocessor is a VLSI device.VLSI involves designing and implementation of circuits to provide more computational speed with less power dissipation and less circuit board area. The electronics industry has achieved a phenomenal growth over the last two decades due to the rapid advances in integration technologies and large-scale systems design. As the need for more complex and faster processing devices on a smaller chip is increasing, there has been a steady rise and advance in the integration technology. For example, the INTEL Pentium-4 processor has more than 50 million on-chip transistors. In this paper we have covered the evolution of VLSI, design concepts and methodologies used, fabrication process, limitations, future challenges and some applications.


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