ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION

ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes a resolution in the field of robots and automation. The vast resources devoted to robotics research and developments have already begun to bear fruits. Robots classification is based on level of sophistication according to generation, manipulative function, manipulating geometry, motion characteristics, type of control, technology involved, according to method of input of information and teaching. Elements of robots are manipulator, robot controller, end effectors, sensor energy source and robotic sensor. Robot specification is based on mechanical power, control, specific and non-specific.. Robot teaching method can be divided as method in which the robot arm moves physically from point to point in series and another in which the robot does not move physically in the teaching stage from point to point in series. Some of the important considerations for overall design are geometrical dexterity, kinematics chains and its stability, selection of drive system, power transmission system, path measuring system, selection of materials, bearing and coupling. We have discussed about robot application in industry as well as non-industrial application in manufacturing environment. Automation is basically of two types, hard automation and flexible automation. Flexible automation is a new technology in which numerical engineering radically improve efficiency design and production. The electronic computer is at the heart of flexible automation. Flexible automation includes Computer Aided Design (CAD), Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) and Computer Aided Techniques for Management. Automation component includes sensors, analyzers, actuators and drives. Future research will focus on the development of artificial intelligent (AI) at the same time on the teaching method.
We cannot afford to miss the present revolution in robotics and automation if our country has to compete in the global market of robot technology and automation.