Desalinization of sea water

Desalinization of sea water

Abstract

Water Desalinization Technique Flash evaporation is the most widely used method of water desalinization. The seawater is heated and then pumped into a low pressure tank where it is vaporized. The steam formed is then condensed and removed as pure water. To remove the water efficiently this process is repeated many times (only three stages are shown). The remaining liquid, called brine, contains a large amount of salt and is removed and often processed for minerals.

In recent years a great deal of interest has been shown in the conversion of seawater to fresh water. Several different processes, including distillation, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, and direct-freeze evaporation, have been developed for this purpose. Some of these processes have been used in large facilities. Distillation units, for example, are being used in Freeport, the Bahamas, Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, and in Texas. A reverse-osmosis system is used for the city of Bessie, Oklahoma, and an electrodialysis system is used for Port Mansfield, Texas. Although these processes are successful, the cost of treating seawater is much higher than that for treating fresh water.

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