MINI AND MICRO HYDEL PLANTS

MINI AND MICRO HYDEL PLANTS

INTRODUCTION

The purpose of the introduction of this particular topic is to aware the civil engineers for the feature development of HYDROPOWER in Himalyan ranges. As we know India has a very wide range Himalyas which has a hugs potential head. In this particular seminar topic the things are disclosed to trap the hugs potential head by erecting small scale HYDROPOWER PLANTS. This will create new scope of jobs for civil engineers and will help to reduce the load shutting. The GOVT. has introduced the various schemes and founds for the development of mini, micro and small hydro power development. Hydroelectric power means, the electric energy generated by the use of water. As we know that energy can’t be made and can’t destroy. It only converted from one form to another. So in hydroelectric plant we convert potential energy to mechanical energy and then mechanical energy to the electrical energy. The water is stored at high level ground to achieve the maximum potential energy. This potential energy is supplied to turbine with the help of jet formed from the nozzle. The turbine wheel is accelerated due to the impact of jet, thus the potential energy of water is converted into the mechanical energy. The arrangement of discharging water through the jet is made in such a way that turbine will run with a constant specific speed. The axial of turbine wheel is connected to the generator shaft with the help of coupling. In this way the energy from the turbine transferred to the generator with the help of shaft. The generator works on the law of electromagnetic induction that is when a conductor moves from magnetic field the e m f is induced. Mini & Micro plants are very small plants which consisting of potable units. The different units of these plants can be constructed and mentioned easily. The erection of these types of plats is very easy, so these can be used privately.   Development and the construction features of mini and micro hydel plants are discussed in the next coming chapters one by one Small and mini hydel projects have the potential to provide energy in   remote and hilly areas where extension of grid system is un-economical. Realizing this fact, Government of India is encouraging development of small and mini hydro power projects in the country.
India has 420 small hydro power projects up to 25 MW station capacities with an aggregate capacity of over 1423 MW. Over 187 projects in this range with aggregate capacity of 521 MW are under construction. An estimated potential of about 15,000 MW of small hydro power projects exists in India. Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources has created a database of potential sites of small hydro and 4096 potential sites with an aggregate capacity of 10,071 MW for projects up to 25 MW capacity have been identified.

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