Fuel Cells Car

Fuel Cells Car

ABSTRACT

Fuel cells cleave hydrogen atoms into protons and electrons that drive electric motors while emitting nothing worst than water vapor. Not only cars became cleaner, environmentally friendly, they could also become safer, more comfortable, more personalized and even less expensive in near future.

Today’s petroleum fuelled internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles are only 20 to 25 % efficient in converting the energy content of fuels into drive-wheel power. In comparison, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is nearly twice as efficient, so it will require just half the fuel energy. Hydrogen gas used in fuel cell can be easily and economically extracted from various sources like natural gas, ethanol, electrolysis of water, sodium borohydried power etc.

By adopting hydrogen as automotive fuel, the transportation industry could begin the transportation from near could begin total reliance on petroleum to a mix of fuel sources. At present, roughly two third of oil imported in India is devoted to transportation. By supplementing oil, India can reduce dependence on foreign oil and foster development of local, more environmentally friendly energy sources. This effort will also introduce competition into energy pricing which could lower the costs in the long term.

INTRODUCTION

Energy required for all over the world for transportation and power generation. Present energy system involves above 80% of energy from conventional sources from burning of fuel. Convention sources are available for coming few years which having main draw back of pollution.

Today need for fuel which is,

1. Cheep and readily available.
2. Safe.
3. High energy density.
4. Have no harmful pollutants.

In the fuel cell chemical energy is converted in to in to electrical energy. That is used to drive the vehicle that responds just you would expect an internal-combustion (IC) engine to respond. Hydrogen, the most abundant element on earth, is rarely found in its pure form. Most fuel cell systems employ a component called reformer to extract hydrogen from hydrogen rich fossil fuel. The byproduct of this process is water vapor which not at all pollutes the environment.

Today’s petroleum fuelled internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles are only 20 to 25 % efficient in converting the energy content of fuels into drive-wheel power. In comparison, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is nearly twice as efficient, so it will require just half the fuel energy. By adopting hydrogen as automotive fuel, the transportation industry could begin the transportation from near could begin total reliance on petroleum to a mix of fuel sources.

Now a day research on use of fuel cell is in progress, main field of research is for transportation, because fuel cell gives more efficiency, minimum maintenance cost and almost zero emission. HONDA, TOYOTA, HYUNDAI are on progress for development of fuel cell powered cars.

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